The /etc/passwd contains one entry per line for each user (user account) of the system. All fields are separated by a colon (:) symbol. Total of seven fields as follows.
В этом разделе мы познакомимся с механизмом управления аккаунтами в Linux и начнем с файла /etc/passwd, в котором определены все пользователи, которые существуют в системе.
Each line in /etc/passwd represents a single user. The first listed is the root (i.e., administrative) account, which has complete power over every aspect of the system. This is followed by system-defined groups and accounts that are required for proper installation and update of system software.
The group is often set to an administrative group, like shadow. Other users are not allowed to read the file directly, to prevent them from gathering hashes passwords of others. With a tool like passwd, which has a setUID bit, the file can be altered in a controlled way.
Security-Enhanced Linux secures the passwd processes via flexible mandatory access control. The passwd processes execute with the passwd_t SELinux type. You can check if you have these processes running by executing the ps command with the -Z qualifier. For example
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Now in the modern systems, this field is replaced by a character x and the encrypted password is stored in a file called /etc/shadow. If the field is blank, we do not need a password to login to the system. To change the password of any user, use passwd command which stores the password in encrypted...
/etc/passwd представляет собой простую текстовую базу данных, которая содержит информацию обо всех учетных записях пользователей в системе. Она принадлежит пользователю root и имеет разрешение 644.
Для update-passwd используется обычный синтаксис запуска программ GNU из командной строки
To display access permissions on the the /etc/passwd file, you can use the ls command in Linux, as described below.